In this study guide, you will learn all about the dative case in Russian! If you don’t know what the dative case is, first read my guide on the Russian Case System to get a better understanding. The dative case is used in several situations including describing likes and dislikes, describing needs, indicating indirect objects more.
Before we take a look at all the usages and how to form the datives case, here is a basic example of how the dative case works. Take the word “маши́на” in Russian (car). It ends in an “а” so we know that it is feminine. If you look at the endings chart below, you’ll see that feminine nouns that end in “а” change to “е“. So, you can see that change in the following example in which the dative case applies: Она подошла к маши́не.
This sentence means “She approached the car.” The preposition “k” triggers the dative case, which is why маши́на changed to маши́не.
So, that’s one example of the dative case. Now, let’s check out how to form the dative case, when to use the dative case, and then test your understanding with a quiz at the end!
Last updated: 7/24/2023
For information on other Russian cases, check out my other guides: Accusative, Prepositional, Genitive
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Gender | Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Adj. | Noun | Adj. | Noun | |
Masculine | ому/ ему | cons. → cons. + у й → ю ь → ю |
ым / им | cons. → cons. + ам й → ям ь → ям |
Feminine | ой / ей | а → е я → е ия → ии ь → и |
а → ам я → ям ь → ям |
|
Neuter |
ому/ ему | о → у е → ю мя → мени |
о → ам е → ям мя → енам |
Nominative | Dative |
---|---|
я | мне |
ты | тебе |
он | ему (к нему) |
она | ей (к ней) |
мы | нам |
вы | вам |
они | им (к ним) |
Masculine, Neuter | Feminine | Plural |
---|---|---|
мой, моё → моему | моя → моей | мои → моим |
твой, твоё → твоему | твоя → твоей | твои → твоим |
наш, наше → нашему | наша → нашей | наши → нашим |
ваш, ваше → вашему | ваша → вашей | ваши → вашим |
её, его, их do not change |
Кому (не) нравится что? – Who (doesn’t) like what?
Сколько (кому) лет? – How old?
Кому? – to whom?
Кому + наре́чие – Who + adverb
Кому надо? – Who needs?
Кому нужно*? – Who needs?
For more about Russian modal verbs like надо and нужно, check out my article How To Use Modal Verbs In Russian: Должен, Надо, Нужно, Можно +More!
К чему? – To/Towards what?
К кому? – To/Towards whom?
По чему? – About/On/Along/Over/By what?
Meanings:
Comment below with any questions you have or write your own examples using the dative case! If you need some more help, watch the videos below for more explanations and examples.
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